Element基础
2022-10-08 17:22:18
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Element 基本使用

Element 介绍

  • Element:网站快速成型工具。是饿了么公司前端开发团队提供的一套基于 Vue 的网站组件库。

  • 使用 Element 前提必须要有 Vue。

  • 组件:组成网页的部件,例如 超链接、按钮、图片、表格等等~

  • Element 官网:https://element.eleme.cn/#/zh-CN

  • 自己完成的按钮
    在这里插入图片描述

  • Element 提供的按钮
    在这里插入图片描述

Element 快速入门

  1. 下载 Element 核心库。
  2. 引入 Element 样式文件。
  3. 引入 Vue 核心 js 文件。
  4. 引入 Element 核心 js 文件。
  5. 编写按钮标签。
  6. 通过 Vue 核心对象加载元素。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>快速入门</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"><script src="js/vue.js"></script><script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script></head><body><button>我是按钮</button><br><div id="div"><el-row><el-button>默认按钮</el-button><el-button type="primary">主要按钮</el-button><el-button type="success">成功按钮</el-button><el-button type="info">信息按钮</el-button><el-button type="warning">警告按钮</el-button><el-button type="danger">危险按钮</el-button></el-row><br><el-row><el-button plain>朴素按钮</el-button><el-button type="primary" plain>主要按钮</el-button><el-button type="success" plain>成功按钮</el-button><el-button type="info" plain>信息按钮</el-button><el-button type="warning" plain>警告按钮</el-button><el-button type="danger" plain>危险按钮</el-button></el-row><br><el-row><el-button round>圆角按钮</el-button><el-button type="primary" round>主要按钮</el-button><el-button type="success" round>成功按钮</el-button><el-button type="info" round>信息按钮</el-button><el-button type="warning" round>警告按钮</el-button><el-button type="danger" round>危险按钮</el-button></el-row><br><el-row><el-button icon="el-icon-search" circle></el-button><el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-edit" circle></el-button><el-button type="success" icon="el-icon-check" circle></el-button><el-button type="info" icon="el-icon-message" circle></el-button><el-button type="warning" icon="el-icon-star-off" circle></el-button><el-button type="danger" icon="el-icon-delete" circle></el-button></el-row></div></body><script>new Vue({el:"#div"});</script></html>

Element 常用组件

布局方式

  • 基础布局:将页面分成最多 24 个部分,自由切分。
    在这里插入图片描述
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>基础布局</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"><script src="js/vue.js"></script><script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script><style>.el-row {/* 行距为20px */margin-bottom: 20px;}.bg-purple-dark {background: red;}.bg-purple {background: blue;}.bg-purple-light {background: green;}.grid-content {/* 边框圆润度 */border-radius: 4px;/* 行高为36px */min-height: 36px;}</style></head><body><div id="div"><el-row><el-col :span="24"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-dark"></div></el-col></el-row><el-row><el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="12"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col></el-row><el-row><el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col><el-col :span="8"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col></el-row><el-row><el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col><el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="6"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col></el-row><el-row><el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col><el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col><el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple"></div></el-col><el-col :span="4"><div class="grid-content bg-purple-light"></div></el-col></el-row></div></body><script>new Vue({el:"#div"});</script></html>
  • 容器布局:将页面分成头部区域、侧边栏区域、主区域、底部区域。
    在这里插入图片描述
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>容器布局</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"><script src="js/vue.js"></script><script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script><style>.el-header, .el-footer {background-color: #d18e66;color: #333;text-align: center;height: 100px;}.el-aside {background-color: #55e658;color: #333;text-align: center;height: 580px;}.el-main {background-color: #5fb1f3;color: #333;text-align: center;height: 520px;}</style></head><body><div id="div"><el-container><el-header>头部区域</el-header><el-container><el-aside width="200px">侧边栏区域</el-aside><el-container><el-main>主区域</el-main><el-footer>底部区域</el-footer></el-container></el-container></el-container></div></body><script>new Vue({el:"#div"});</script></html>

表单组件

  • 表单:由输入框、下拉列表、单选框、多选框等控件组成,用以收集、校验、提交数据。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>表单组件</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"><script src="js/vue.js"></script><script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script></head><body><div id="div"><el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm"><el-form-item label="活动名称" prop="name"><el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动区域" prop="region"><el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域"><el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option><el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option></el-select></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动时间" required><el-col :span="11"><el-form-item prop="date1"><el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker></el-form-item></el-col><el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col><el-col :span="11"><el-form-item prop="date2"><el-time-picker placeholder="选择时间" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker></el-form-item></el-col></el-form-item><el-form-item label="即时配送" prop="delivery"><el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动性质" prop="type"><el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type"><el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox><el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox><el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox><el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox></el-checkbox-group></el-form-item><el-form-item label="特殊资源" prop="resource"><el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource"><el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio><el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio></el-radio-group></el-form-item><el-form-item label="活动形式" prop="desc"><el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input></el-form-item><el-form-item><el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">立即创建</el-button><el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button></el-form-item></el-form></div></body><script>new Vue({el:"#div",data:{ruleForm: {name: '',region: '',date1: '',date2: '',delivery: false,type: [],resource: '',desc: ''},rules: {name: [{ required: true, message: '请输入活动名称', trigger: 'blur' },{ min: 3, max: 5, message: '长度在 3 到 5 个字符', trigger: 'blur' }],region: [{ required: true, message: '请选择活动区域', trigger: 'change' }],date1: [{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择日期', trigger: 'change' }],date2: [{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择时间', trigger: 'change' }],type: [{ type: 'array', required: true, message: '请至少选择一个活动性质', trigger: 'change' }],resource: [{ required: true, message: '请选择活动资源', trigger: 'change' }],desc: [{ required: true, message: '请填写活动形式', trigger: 'blur' }]}},methods:{submitForm(formName) {this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {if (valid) {alert('submit!');} else {console.log('error submit!!');return false;}});},resetForm(formName) {this.$refs[formName].resetFields();}}});</script></html>

表格组件

  • 表格:用于展示多条结构类似的数据,可对数据进行编辑、删除或其他自定义操作。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>表格组件</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"><script src="js/vue.js"></script><script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script></head><body><div id="div"><template><el-table:data="tableData"style="width: 100%"><el-table-columnprop="date"label="日期"width="180"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="name"label="姓名"width="180"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="address"label="地址"></el-table-column><el-table-columnlabel="操作"width="180"><el-button type="warning">编辑</el-button><el-button type="danger">删除</el-button></el-table-column></el-table></template></div></body><script>new Vue({el:"#div",data:{tableData: [{date: '2016-05-02',name: '王小虎',address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1518 弄'}, {date: '2016-05-04',name: '王小虎',address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1517 弄'}, {date: '2016-05-01',name: '王小虎',address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1519 弄'}, {date: '2016-05-03',name: '王小虎',address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1516 弄'}]}});</script></html>

导航栏组件

  • 顶部导航栏
    在这里插入图片描述
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>顶部导航栏</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script></head><body> <div id="div"> <el-menu :default-active="activeIndex2" class="el-menu-demo" mode="horizontal" @select="handleSelect" background-color="#545c64" text-color="#fff" active-text-color="#ffd04b"> <el-menu-item index="1">处理中心</el-menu-item> <el-submenu index="2"> <template slot="title">我的工作台</template> <el-menu-item index="2-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-2">选项2</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-3">选项3</el-menu-item> <el-submenu index="2-4"> <template slot="title">选项4</template> <el-menu-item index="2-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-4-2">选项2</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="2-4-3">选项3</el-menu-item> </el-submenu> </el-submenu> <el-menu-item index="3" disabled>消息中心</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="4"><a href="https://www.ele.me" target="_blank">订单管理</a></el-menu-item> </el-menu> </div></body><script> new Vue({ el:"#div" });</script></html>
  • 侧边导航栏
    在这里插入图片描述
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>侧边导航栏</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"> <script src="js/vue.js"></script> <script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script></head><body> <div id="div"> <el-col :span="6"> <el-menu default-active="2" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose" background-color="#545c64" text-color="#fff" active-text-color="#ffd04b"> <el-submenu index="1"> <template slot="title"> <i class="el-icon-location"></i> <span>导航一</span> </template> <el-menu-item-group> <template slot="title">分组一</template> <el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="1-2">选项2</el-menu-item> </el-menu-item-group> <el-menu-item-group title="分组2"> <el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item> </el-menu-item-group> <el-submenu index="1-4"> <template slot="title">选项4</template> <el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item> </el-submenu> </el-submenu> <el-menu-item index="2"> <i class="el-icon-menu"></i> <span slot="title">导航二</span> </el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="3" disabled> <i class="el-icon-document"></i> <span slot="title">导航三</span> </el-menu-item> <el-menu-item index="4"> <i class="el-icon-setting"></i> <span slot="title">导航四</span> </el-menu-item> </el-menu> </el-col> </div></body><script> new Vue({ el:"#div" });</script></html>

Element 小结

  • Element:网站快速成型工具。是一套为开发者、设计师、产品经理准备的基于 Vue 的桌面端组件库。

  • 使用 Element 前提必须要有 Vue。

  • 使用步骤

    1. 下载 Element 核心库。
    2. 引入 Element 样式文件。
    3. 引入 Vue 核心 js 文件。
    4. 引入 Element 核心 js 文件。
    5. 借助常用组件编写网页。
  • 常用组件

    • 网页基本组成部分,布局、按钮、表格、表单等等~~~
    • 常用组件不需要记住,只需要在 Element 官网中复制使用即可。

综合案例 学生列表

案例效果
在这里插入图片描述

案例实现

  • 头部效果实现。
  • 侧边栏效果实现。
  • 主区域效果实现。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>学生列表</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css"><script src="js/vue.js"></script><script src="element-ui/lib/index.js"></script><style>.el-header{background-color: #545c64;}.header-img{width: 100px;margin-top: 20px;}</style></head><body><div id="div"><el-container><!-- 头部 --><el-header class="el-header"><el-container><div><el-image src="img/export.png" class="header-img"></el-image></div><el-menu:default-active="activeIndex2"mode="horizontal"@select="handleSelect"background-color="#545c64"text-color="white"active-text-color="#ffd04b"style="margin-left: auto;"><el-menu-item index="1">处理中心</el-menu-item><el-submenu index="2"><template slot="title">我的工作台</template><el-menu-item index="2-1">选项1</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="2-2">选项2</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="2-3">选项3</el-menu-item></el-submenu><el-menu-item index="3"><a href="学生列表.html" target="_self">首页</a></el-menu-item></el-menu></el-container></el-header><!-- 侧边栏区域 --><el-container style="height: 580px; border: 1px solid #eee"><el-aside width="200px" style="background-color: rgb(238, 241, 246)"><el-menu :default-openeds="['1']"><el-submenu index="1"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i>学工部</template><el-menu-item-group><el-menu-item index="1-1"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>在校学生管理</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="1-2"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>学生升级/留级</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="1-3"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>学生就业情况</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu><el-submenu index="2"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i>咨询部</template><el-menu-item-group><el-menu-item index="2-1"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>意向学生管理</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="2-2"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>未报名学生管理</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="2-3"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>已报名学生管理</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu><el-submenu index="3"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i>教研部</template><el-menu-item-group><el-menu-item index="3-1"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>已有课程管理</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="3-2"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>正在研发课程管理</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="3-3"><i class="el-icon-help"></i>新技术课程管理</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu></el-menu></el-aside><!-- 主区域 --><el-container><el-main><b style="color: red;font-size: 20px;">学生列表</b><div style="float:right"><el-button type="primary">添加学生</el-button></div><el-table :data="tableData"><el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="140"></el-table-column><el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="120"></el-table-column><el-table-column prop="address" label="地址"></el-table-column><el-table-columnlabel="操作"width="180"><el-button type="warning">编辑</el-button><el-button type="danger">删除</el-button></el-table-column></el-table></el-main></el-container></el-container></el-container></div></body><script>new Vue({el:"#div",data:{tableData:[{date:"2088-08-08",name:"张三",address:"北京市昌平区"},{date:"2088-08-08",name:"李四",address:"北京市昌平区"},{date:"2088-08-08",name:"王五",address:"北京市昌平区"},]}});</script></html>
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