一、调用parse()方法，返回解析树

try:import xml.etree.cElementTree as ETexcept ImportError:import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse('country.xml')# <xml.etree.ElementTree.ElementTree object at 0x00000230D5DDF1C0>root = tree.getroot()# <Element 'data' at 0x0000021AE8F79540>type:<class 'xml.etree.ElementTree.Element'>

二、调用from_string(),返回解析树的根元素

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETdata = open("country.xml").read()root = ET.fromstring(data) # <Element 'data' at 0x036168A0>

三、调用ElementTree类ElementTree(self, element=None, file=None) # 这里的element作为根节点

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.ElementTree(file="country.xml")# <xml.etree.ElementTree.ElementTree object at 0x03031390>root = tree.getroot()# <Element 'data' at 0x030EA600>

四、遍历

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse("country.xml")root = tree.getroot()# 遍历xml文档的第二层for child in root:# 第二层节点的标签名称和属性print(child.tag,":", child.attrib) # 遍历xml文档的第三层for children in child:# 第三层节点的标签名称和属性print(children.tag, ":", children.attrib)

Element对象方法

注意：Element.findall()或者Element.find()方法，只会从结点的直接子结点中查找，并不会递归查找。

示例：过滤出所有neighbor标签

# 过滤出所有neighbor标签for neighbor in root.iter("neighbor"):print(neighbor.tag, ":", neighbor.attrib)

示例：遍历所有的counry标签

# 遍历所有的counry标签for country in root.findall("country"):# 查找country标签下的第一个rank标签rank = country.find("rank").text# 获取country标签的name属性name = country.get("name")print(name, rank)

xml.etree.ElementTree.Element 属性相关

ElementTree对象

以下方法与Element类中同名方法近似，区别在于它们指定以根节点作为操作对象。

五、模块方法

在ET上使用xpath

try:import xml.etree.cElementTree as ETexcept ImportError:import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETif __name__ == "__main__":tree = ET.parse('country.xml')root = tree.getroot()# 获取根# print(root, type(root))xml_str = ET.tostring(root)root = ET.fromstring(xml_str)# Top-level elements（当前节点就是根节点）root.findall(".")# All 'neighbor' grand-children of 'country' children of the top-level# elementsroot.findall("./country/neighbor")# Nodes with name='Singapore' that have a 'year' childroot.findall(".//year/..[@name='Singapore']")# 'year' nodes that are children of nodes with name='Singapore'root.findall(".//*[@name='Singapore']/year")# All 'neighbor' nodes that are the second child of their parentroot.findall(".//neighbor[2]")